Year in review: 2019
As is now a bit of a tradition on these pages, I’m again compiling a review of last year’s main birding events. Senegal’s bird year 2019 was a pretty good one, with the usual decent mix of new discoveries, rare vagrants, scarce migrants, range extensions and new breeding records.
First things first: last year saw the addition of two new species to the country’s avifauna, so rather similar to previous years – on average, there have been two additions per year during 2014-2018. First a Willcock’s Honeyguide in Dindefelo nature reserve found by Nik Borrow and his group in January, then the discovery of a small group of Cuckoo Finches at Kagnout in Casamance, in February by Bruno Bargain, Gabriel Caucal and Adrien de Montaudouin. As predicted back in 2018, both Dindefelo and Casamance are obviously key areas for finding new birds in the country. Both species are known to occur in neighbouring countries so these additions are not too much of a surprise, and will likely show up again in Senegal in coming years. These “firsts” bring the total number of species confirmed to occur in Senegal to 674, with seven additional species listed as requiring confirmation. The full checklist as per IOC taxonomy (v.8.1) may be found here.
Cuckoo Finch / Anomalospize parasite, Kagnout (B. Bargain)
Next up, the usual lot of vagrants: from North America, the now annual American Golden Plovers (Palmarin in April, and Yene in December), the country’s fourth Pectoral Sandpiper at Lac Mbeubeusse on 5.10, and a Lesser Yellowlegs wintering at Technopole – apparently the longest stay recorded in Africa (at least 71 days!), and most likely the same bird seen several years in a row now. Two Laughing Gulls that were present at Technopole in April-May – an adult in breeding plumage and a first-summer bird – were the 6th and 7th records; the immature was also seen at Ngor on 22.5. Also at Technopole were at least two different Franklin’s Gulls, one in January and two in April-May including an adult displaying to other gulls. A Lesser Jacana was found by Vieux Ngom on 16.3 on the Lampsar, while a Spotted Creeper on 17.12 at Kamobeul (Ziguinchor) was another rarely recorded Afro-tropical vagrant. And finally from Europe, a Little Gull – possibly not a true vagrant but rather a very scarce winter visitor – was seen on 8.3 at Ngor, and a European Golden Plover was at Saloulou island (Casamance) on 25.2.
Scarce migrants included a few species of ducks that are rarely reported from Senegal, starting with these three Gadwalls found by Simon Cavaillès at Technopole in January, which were probably the same birds as those seen in December 2018 in The Gambia. A Eurasian Wigeon was present at the same time; while the latter is regular in the Djoudj, both ducks were apparently seen for the first time in the Dakar region.
Gadwall / Canard chipeau, Technopole, Jan. 2019 (BP)
Almost a year later this pair of Ferruginous Ducks on a small dam at Pointe Sarène near Mbour on 24.12 were a real surprise in this location. Apparently they didn’t stick around: earlier today (19.1.20) I had the chance to visit the dam again but no sign of our two Palearctic ducks…
Ferruginous Duck / Fuligule nyroca, Mbodiene, Dec. 2019 (BP)
An African Crake found by Miguel Lecoq in a dry river bed at Popenguine NR on 12.7 was highly unusual. The two Short-eared Owls at Technopole in January (with one still here on 11.2) were possibly returning birds from the 2017-18 influx as they roosted in exactly the same location; another bird was found in the Djoudj on 26.12 by Vieux and Frank Rheindt. Perhaps more unexpected was a Marsh Owl that was actively migrating at Ngor on 8.10, coming from the north out at sea, but even more spectacular was the discovery of an Egyptian Nightjar by Frédéric Bacuez on his local patch at Trois-Marigots, on 23.10 (an early date and first in this location); in the Djoudj NP, a somewhat classic location for the species, three birds were seen several times from 23.11 up to mid December at least.
Egyptian Nightjar / Engoulevent du désert, Trois-Marigots, Oct. 2019 (F. Bacuez)
A few Red-footed Boobies were again seen at Ngor: an adult on 3.7 and likely the same bird again on 22.7, then daily from 9-12.8 (with two here on 17.8), and again an imm. seen twice in November. These are the 5th to 7th records, a remarkable presence given that the first record was in October 2016 only! As usual, several Brown Boobies were seen as well but we didn’t get the chance to properly check on the birds at Iles de la Madeleine this past year. Other scarce seabirds seen from Ngor were a Balearic Shearwater (18.11), a Bulwer’s Petrel (5.12), several Leach’s Storm-Petrels (11 & 13.11), and some 30 Barolo’s/Boyd’s Shearwaters that passed through in August and September. A Baltic Gull (fuscus Lesser Black-backed Gull) at Technopole 27.1 was our first record here.
Quite a few birds were reported for the first time from Casamance by Bruno and friends, and several resident forest species that had not been seen in many years were “rediscovered” this past year, such as Black-shouldered Nightjar, Black Sparrowhawk, White-throated and Slender-billed Greenbuls, Flappet Lark, Red-faced and Dorst’s Cisticolas – the online Casamance atlast can be found here. Several Senegal Lapwings were again seen towards the end of the rains, and a Forbes’s Plover at Kagnout on 17.2 was definitely a good record as the species had previously been reported only on a few occasions from the Niokolo-Koba NP.
Forbes’s Plover / Pluvier de Forbes, Kagnout, Feb. 2019 (B. Bargain)
A Brown-throated (= Plain) Martin feeding over the lagoon at Technopole on 28.4 was a first for Dakar; this species is rarely seen in Senegal it seems. A few Moltoni’s Warblers were reported in autumn including at least one on 20.10 at Mboro, where Miguel also noted several northward range extensions such as Fine-spotted Woodpecker, Grey Kestrel, Splendid Sunbird, and Orange-cheeked Waxbill. The observation of two Mottled Spinetails some 15km south of Potou (Louga region) is the northernmost so far and seems to confirm the presence in this part of the country, following one in the same region in January 2018. A pair of Little Grey Woodpeckers at Lompoul and the discovery of Cricket Warbler in the Gossas area (Diourbel) are also noteworthy as they are just outside known distribution ranges for these two Sahelian species. More significant is the observation of a Long-billed Pipit on the Dande plateau near Dindefelo on 9.2, as this is the first record away from the Djoudj area, raising the possibility that the species is breeding in the vicinity.
Additional good records for the Dakar region included a White-throated Bee-eater on 12.8, a Red-breasted Swallow near Diamniadio on 11.10 and Grasshopper Warblers at Yene lagoon on 8 & 15.12, as well as at Lac Tanma (Thiès region) on 27.10 – and more surprisingly, one was found aboard a sail boat some “400 Miles South West Of Dakar” on 13.9. Last year we documented oversummering of Yellow-legged and Mediterranean Gulls on the peninsula.
We also continued our modest efforts to survey breeding Black-winged Stilts at several sites in Dakar, Ziguinchor and Saint-Louis; the findings of these should be formally published later this year. The Horus Swift colony was visited on several occasions (Jan.-March and Nov.-Dec.) with further evidence of breeding. A pair of Tawny Eagles at their nest site on a high tension pylon near Ndioum, where they are known since at least 2015, were seen again in December by Frédéric and Jérémy. Yellow-throated Longclaw was found to be breeding at lac Mbeubeusse and probably at lac Rose as well: more on the species in this post.
Yellow-throated Longclaw / Sentinelle à gorge jaune, lac Rose, June 2019 (BP)
In July we found several additional pairs of Turati’s Boubou right on the border with Guinea-Bissau, a bit further to the south of the site where Bruno initially found the species, in October 2018 near Ziguinchor. Also in Casamance, breeding was confirmed for Common Buttonquail, Golden-tailed Woodpecker, and a whole range of other species.
Another noteworthy record is that of a group of 113 Eurasian Griffons in the Djoudj NP on 2.11 – apparently the largest flock ever recorded in Senegal! This surely reflects the general increase in numbers of what used to be a rather scarce species it seems – read up more on the status of this vulture in Senegal in this post on Ornithondar.
Eurasian Griffon / Vautour fauve, Djoudj NP, Nov. 2019 (BP)
As usual, a few interesting ring recoveries were obtained, including several returning birds, providing further evidence for site fidelity and local movements between key sites for e.g. Black-tailed Godwits and Ospreys of course, but also for a Eurasian Spoonbill from Spain – more on this in a future post. A Gull-billed Tern from the Neufelderkoog colony in northern Germany was also a good recovery, just like the many Sandwich Terns that we managed to read at Technopole in April-May with birds originating from Ireland, the UK, the Netherlands and Italy! Also of note were a French Black-headed Gull, the first colour-ringed Greenshank and wing-tagged Marsh Harrier in our ever-growing database, and last but not least the first recovery of a Croatian-ringed bird in Senegal, an Audouin’s Gull seen at three sites in Dakar in January and February.
Audouin’s Gull / Goéland d’Audouin “A5”, Technopole, Feb. 2019 (BP)
During 2019 I was fortunate to continue our regular coverage of Technopole but also for the third consecutive year of seabird migration at Ngor, and managed a few trips further afield: the northern Saloum delta (Simal, Palmarin), three trips to Casamance (January, May, July), the Petite Côte (at long last explored the lagoons at Mbodiene!), the Langue de Barbarie and Trois-Marigots in April, the Djoudj and other parts of the lower Senegal valley (November), and finally Toubacouta in December. Oh and a memorable day trip on a successful quest for the enigmatic Quail-Plover!
Quail-Plover / Turnix à ailes blanches (BP)
Other blog posts this past year covered the status and distribution (and a bit of identification!) of Seebohm’s Wheatear, Iberian Chiffchaff, and Western Square-tailed Drongo.
Seebohm’s Wheatear / Traquet de Seebohm, 1st winter male (BP)
Another series focused on recent ornithological publications relevant for Senegal, in three parts. I’m not sure how I managed but in the end I was involved in quite a few articles published in 2019: the autumn migration of seabirds at Ngor and the status of Iberian Chiffchaff in West Africa (the latter with Paul Isenmann and Stuart Sharp) in Alauda, the first records of Eurasian Collared Dove and of Turati’s Boubou in Senegal (the latter with Bruno Bargain) published in Malimbus, and finally two papers in the Bulletin of the African Bird Club: a short piece on the hybrid shrike from lac Tanma in 2017 (with Gabriel Caucanas), and a review of the status of the Short-eared Owl in West Africa, following the influx during winter 2017/18.
Many thanks to all visiting and (semi-)resident birders who shared their observations through eBird or other channels, particularly Miguel, Frédéric and Bruno. The above review is of course incomplete and probably a bit biased towards the Dakar region: any additions are more than welcome and will be incorporated!
Cuckoo Finch, New to Senegal
Following the addition of Turati’s Boubou (Ziguinchor, October 2018) and Willcocks’s Honeyguide (Dindefelo, January 2019), another scarce Afro-tropical species was recently added to the avifauna of Senegal: Cuckoo Finch, Anomalospiza imberbis (in French: Anomalospize parasite). Three birds were found on 17 February in moist grassland north of Oussouye in Basse-Casamance, by Bruno Bargain, Gabi Caucal and Adrien de Montaudouin.
While not necessarily straightforward in the field, their identification could be confirmed based on a few pictures that the team were able to obtain: small, compact drab-yellow finch with a short yet deep conical bill, short tail with pointed central rectrices, pale central crown stripe, small beady black eye, long pale claws. The two-toned bill (pale base of lower mandible contrasting with darker upper mandible) is typical of juveniles, while the yellowish underparts and throat suggest that this bird is a young male.
Cuckoo Finch / Anomalospize parasite imm. male, Kagnout, Feb. 2019 (G. Caucal)
Several birds were seen again a couple of weeks later by Bruno, including two singing males: it’ll be interesting to see whether this little group is resident here and whether more will be found in nearby locations in coming months… there’s definitely a lot of potential, with quite a bit of suitable habitat elsewhere in the area.
As with the boubou, the discovery of this species in SW Senegal was to be expected given that it has been seen several times in recent years just across the border in Gambia, prompting me to include the Cuckoo Finch on our list of the birds of Senegal with a question mark (“presence to be confirmed”) when I initially compiled the list last year. The checklist is accessible through this new page that was recently added to the Resources section of this website. Cuckoo Finch is species number 679 on the national list! (though to be fair, this includes five for which definite proof is lacking, and which remain to be confirmed)
Cuckoo Finch is indeed a widespread yet local and uncommon species throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, and particularly in West Africa its status and patchy distribution remain poorly known. It occurs in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cote d’Ivoire as well as in southern Mali, and probably also in Guinea and Guinea-Bissau though as far as I know there are no records in the latter country. The presence in Guinea is based on an old specimen from Mount Nimba, which I was fortunate to examine in the collection of IFAN here in Dakar, picture below. In Gambia it was first recorded in 1969, on 24 September by O. Andrew. The only further details I found on this record are in Morel & Morel (1990), who state that “about a dozen were seen well in Sept.-Oct. 1969 near Banjul”. It then took more than 40 years for the next record to be obtained, more precisely at Kartong Bird Observatory where three birds were caught and ringed on 24 Feb. 2013; in subsequent years the species was again caught or seen on a few occasions at KBO, at most 14 birds on 27 April 2014, and again several birds in May-October 2017. All were non-breeding or young birds, with no evidence of local breeding (O. Fox, J, Cross).
The only Guinea specimen of Cuckoo Finch, from near Mt Nimba in Sept. 1946 (Dekeyser & Villiers), in the collection at IFAN in Dakar (photo BP)
Given these more or less regular sightings at Kartong, which lies right on the border with Casamance, it would make sense if the species were also present around Abene, Kafountine, Diouloulou or other nearby locations. We’ll try to explore some of these sites in coming months, particularly during the breeding season, i.e. during the rains. The finders are currently writing up a note to formally publish their discovery.
Also known as Parasitic Weaver, the “unusual finch” as per its scientific name is the unique representative of its genus, having previously been linked to weavers and even canaries. It is now included in the viduids as it is most closely related to the whydahs and indigobirds (see e.g. Lahti & Payne 2003). Just like these birds, it is a brood parasite, laying its eggs in nests of cisticolids (cisticolas and prinias), apparently up to c. 30 eggs per season (!), in batches of 1-4 eggs per “set”. Zitting Cisticola and Tawny-flanked Prinia may be the most likely host species in Senegal and Gambia.
There’s of course a lot more to be said about this peculiar songbird, for instance how females adopted a mimetic strategy to fool its hosts: Feeney et al. (2015) demonstrated how “female Cuckoo Finch plumage colour and pattern more closely resembled those of Euplectes weavers (putative models) than Vidua finches (closest relatives); that their Tawny-flanked Prinia hosts were equally aggressive towards female Cuckoo Finches and Southern Red Bishops, and more aggressive to both than to their male counterparts; and that prinias were equally likely to reject an egg after seeing a female cuckoo finch or bishop, and more likely to do so than after seeing a male bishop near their nest.” Fun fact: I happened to meet Claire Spottiswoode, one the co-authors of the paper and specialist of brood parasites, on their southern Zambian study site while they were conducting field work in March 2013… but I failed to find any Cuckoo Finches!
For some more on parasitic birds, here’s a good start.
Plenty of other good birds were seen in Casamance last month, including the first White-tailed Alethe (Alèthe à huppe rousse) in many many years, Lesser Moorhen (Gallinule africaine), Ovambo Sparrowhawk (Epervier de l’Ovampo), Bluethroat (Gorgebleue à miroir), Forbes’s Plover (Pluvier de Forbes), European Golden Plover (Pluvier doré), Yellow-legged & Kelp Gulls (Goélands leucophée et dominicain), and quite a few more scarce species. With a bit of luck, Gabi and Etienne will find some time to write up the highlights of what was once again an epic trip across Senegal.
Meanwhile in Dakar, seabird spring migration is in full swing, with the first Long-tailed Skuas, Sooty Shearwaters, Roseate Terns and so on passing through in recent weeks (Labbe à longue queue, Puffin fuligineux, Sterne de Dougall). More on this in due course.
Forbes’s Plover / Pluvier de Forbes, Casamance, Feb. 2019 (B. Bargain)
Many thanks to the finders for allowing me to write up this post, and to Olly Fox for providing info on the Kartong records.
Au fond du PNNK
John Rose et Dimitri Dagorne nous présentent les résultats d’un récent périple dans le Niokolo-Koba, le dernier d’une série d’inventaires menés par un petit groupe de passionnés du parc. Merci à eux!
Le Parc National du Niokolo-Koba (PNNK) est une aire protégée de 913 000 hectares, retranchée au sud-est du Sénégal à la frontière de la Guinée. Depuis sa création en 1954 il fut le théâtre de nombreux tourments : braconnage, invasion de plantes exotiques, exploitation destructrice des ressources naturelles, tensions avec les habitants expulsés. Mais les efforts accrus de conservation depuis plusieurs années semblent avoir redonné un souffle de vie à ce qui est à présent un des rares grands sanctuaires de biodiversité d’Afrique de l’Ouest.
Pendant cinq ans (2012-2017) l’association française COMETE International (dissoute le 27/1/18), en se coordonnant avec d’autres organismes d’appui comme l’Association des Naturalistes des Yvelines (ANY), le Centre Ornithologique Île-de-France (ex-CORIF, absorbé par la LPO), l’African Bird Club, l’association sénégalaise NCD, et l’UNESCO, a soutenu les efforts des communautés locales pour la valorisation du parc et le développement durable des zones alentour. C’est avec la coopérative des guides du Parc National du Niokolo-Koba (GIE NIOKOLO) qu’ont été ainsi menées une quinzaine d’inventaires ornithologiques avec la collaboration des autorités du parc (Direction des Parcs Nationaux) et une demi-douzaine de voyages touristiques équitables, activités qui relevaient au total environ 4 000 observations de 259 espèces d’oiseaux dans la partie centrale “touristique” du PNNK et ses proches alentours.
Le but principal du voyage actuel, parrainé sur le plan scientifique par l’ANY, était de prospecter les zones du PNNK pas encore explorées dans le cadre de ce projet. Il a été planifié par deux membres de l’équipe scientifique du projet (Dimitri et John) et rejoint par un troisième naturaliste amateur, Jean-Jacques Pailler. Les zones ciblées dans l’est, le sud et l’ouest du parc ne sont accessibles qu’en fin de saison sèche (avril jusqu’à mi-juin) quand les gués sur le fleuve Gambie sont navigables, et nous avons visé la période tardive juste au début des pluies pour éviter le plus fort de la canicule, et pour pouvoir observer des migrateurs intra-africains venant des forêts guinéennes et équatoriales.
Arrivés à l’aéroport de Dakar dans la soirée du 31 mai 2018, nous nous faisons conduire le lendemain dans notre pickup 4×4 à Dialacoto, grand village chef-lieu de la commune de ce nom situé à 480 km de Dakar et à une dizaine de kilomètres de l’entrée principale du PNNK. Le lendemain nous expérimentons, en compagnie de neuf guides du GIE NIOKOLO, un nouveau circuit ornithologique pédestre dans la forêt de Diambour juste au nord de Dialacoto (carte du circuit ici). La savane boisée, bien que proche des activités humaines, offre un sentiment d’immersion dans une nature isolée. Paysages métamorphosés par les saisons, à cette période sèche nous observerons un total de 37 espèces d’oiseaux dont le Bucorve d’Abyssinie, l’Amadine cou-coupé, un groupe d’Hirondelles à ventre roux, et un vol de 61 Pélicans blancs se dirigeant vers le nord (probablement vers le Parc National des Oiseaux de Djoudj qui est leur principal lieu de reproduction) (Abyssinian Ground Hornbill, Cut-throat, Rufous-chested Swallow, Great White Pelican). Ce circuit fait dorénavant partie de l’offre de tourisme ornithologique des guides ainsi familiarisés.
Après une nuit tranquille passée au campement Chez Ibrahima à la frontière du parc, nous pénétrons enfin les terres du PNNK, accompagnés de notre guide du GIE Banna Kanté et du lieutenant Assane Fall, mis à disposition par la Direction des Parcs Nationaux au vu du caractère scientifique de notre mission. Arrivés à Simenti sur le fleuve Gambie, nous étions contents de voir que l’hôtel, seul lieu d’hébergement confortable à l’intérieur du parc avant sa fermeture deux ans auparavant, était en train d’être remis en état pour réouverture pour la prochaine saison touristique (la saison sèche, de décembre à mai). Le tableau qui se présente à nous à la mare de Simenti adjacente est révélateur d’une saison 2017/18 particulièrement aride. Ce plan d’eau peu profond, qui accueille normalement un cortège d’échassiers et de limicoles pataugeant entre les crocodiles, était réduit à quelques pièces d’eau et bains de boue pour phacochères. Nous terminerons la journée au Campement du Lion géré par le GIE, où les murmures de la faune nocturne berceront notre sommeil.
Dès l’aube de notre deuxième jour dans le parc, installés sur un rocher en bord du fleuve Gambie, nous accompagnerons l’éveil de la savane. A quelques mètres de nous les couleurs encore ternes d’une Rhynchée peinte (Greater Painted-Snipe) s’illuminent doucement sous les premières lueurs de la journée. Il est l’heure de poursuivre nos inventaires, et confortablement installés dans la benne du 4×4, nous traversons le Gambie au Gué de Damantan pour atteindre pour la première fois la moitié sud du PNNK. Notre méthode d’inventaire est de rouler à moins de 15 km/h en nous arrêtant le temps nécessaire d’identifier chaque oiseau rencontré. Nous saisissons ainsi les données géolocalisées sur le terrain, au moyen des applis smartphone eBird pour toutes les espèces et celle de l’observatoire participatif African Raptor DataBank pour les rapaces.
Notre premier inventaire matinal de 32 km, sur la piste entre le Gué de Damantan et Barka Bandiel, était ponctué par un arrêt au mausolée d’un imam vénéré à Damantan, ce village évacué lors d’un agrandissement du parc qui reste toujours un important site de pèlerinage. Pour l’inventaire suivant, nous suivions sur 30 km la piste jusqu’à Oubadji, avant que nous soyons obligés d’atteindre en hâte au crépuscule ce dernier village à la frontière extérieure du Parc. Le campement communautaire, où nous avons passé la nuit, est aussi rudimentaire dans son confort que son cadre est merveilleux. Le petit déjeuner en plein air du lendemain nous offrira un spectacle matinal de nombreux oiseaux dont le Coucou de Klaas, le Cubla de Gambie, et le Touraco violet (Klaas’s Cuckoo, Northern Puffback, Violet Turaco).
Violet Turaco / Touraco violet (© D. Dagorne)
Peu après avoir quitté Oubadji, nous observons notre première nouvelle espèce d’oiseau pour le PNNK (par rapport aux inventaires précédents), un choucador (“merle métallique”) perché au sommet d’un petit arbre : un Choucador de Swainson.
Lesser Blue-eared Glossy Starling / Choucador de Swainson (© D. Dagorne)
Nous poursuivons en traversant de nouveau le Gambie au Gué de Malapa, qui n’est en vérité qu’une traversée non balisée du très large lit desséché et rocailleux du fleuve. Puis nous suivons vers l’est la rive droite du fleuve qui forme la frontière sud du parc. C’est alors que nous ferons une observation très rare de trois Amarantes de Kulikoro, oiseau réputé jusqu’à très récemment d’être absent du PNNK. La peine pour la traversée et la distance nous séparant de notre prochain campement nous contraignent à arrêter notre inventaire après 66 km de piste très difficiles et à finir le trajet de nuit ; nous bivouaquerons au plateau du Mont Assirik à la station de recherche sur les chimpanzés, grâce à une autorisation spéciale des autorités du parc.
Mali Firefinch / Amarante de Kulikoro (© D. Dagorne)
Nous consacrons notre quatrième jour dans le PNNK à explorer à pied les abords du Mont Assirik, la seule zone où les visiteurs sont autorisés à se déplacer à pied. Nous partirons à l’ascension du sommet, point culminant du parc à 311 mètres. Perdus dans nos comptes par les nombreuses nuées de passereaux multi-spécifiques s’enchaînant aux sommets des arbres, nous observons 11 Loriots dorés (African Golden Oriole) dont un groupe de sept en vol bas. Autre observation notable : quatre Pluviers de Forbes déambulant autour d’une petite pièce d’eau. Sur le chemin du retour, juste avant d’arriver au campement, un tourbillon de vent est soudain tombé sur nous, apportant à seulement quelques mètres un jeune Bateleur des savannes.
Forbes’s Plover / Pluvier de Forbes (© D. Dagorne)
Bateleur (© D. Dagorne)
Après le déjeuner nous descendrons dans la Vallée de Stella légèrement en contrebas du campement pour poursuivre dans un étroit lit de rivière. La forêt galerie est dense, nos observations seront furtives et fragmentaires. Un œil sublimement maquillé, une crête verte et des ailes violettes, Dimitri reconnaît là le Touraco vert (Green Turaco). Une petite gorge d’un jaune éclatant sur un oiseau sombre, il s’agit d’une paire de Bulbuls à gorge claire (Yellow-throated Leaflove). Tous les deux sont des nouvelles espèces pour nous, l’observation du touraco loin de ses territoires de base à l’extérieur du parc est particulièrement significative. Dans les feuilles d’un palmier, un Noircap loriot occupé à la construction de son nid se laisse observer en toute indiscrétion. Posée dans une fourche cachée par un amas de branches, nous apercevons une Tourterelle d’Adamaoua (Adamawa Turtle-Dove).
Oriole Warbler / Noircap loriot (© D. Dagorne)
Le lendemain matin, Dimitri a pu observer près du campement un Traquet familier, notre cinquième nouvelle espèce qui, bien qu’assez commune dans l’extrême sud-est du pays, n’a été observée auparavant qu’une seule fois dans le parc (par Geoffrey Monchaux en janvier 2018 dans la même zone). Il fallut quitter à regret le Mont Assirik pour retourner au Campement du Lion par une longue route en trois étapes d’inventaire dans le sud du PNNK, très, très sec, et décevante du côté ornitho.
Lors de notre dernière matinée au parc, nous observons aux abords du fleuve Gambie un Martin-pêcheur azuré, assez rare et surtout très discret, et un couple de Grues couronnées (Shining-blue Kingfisher & Black Crowned Crane). Nous prenons la route vers la sortie du PNNK pour nous retrouver au confort à l’hôtel de Wassadou, l’objet d’un récent rapportage dans ce blog. L’hôtel se trouve sur la rive droite du fleuve Gambie, la rive d’en face faisant partie du PNNK. Embarqués sur le fleuve le lendemain matin dans la petite pirogue à moteur de l’hôtel, nous observons de nouveau la Tourterelle d’Adamaoua et le Martin-pêcheur azuré, puis nous voyons perchée côté PNNK une magnifique Chouette-pêcheuse de Pel, notre sixième nouvelle espèce. Revenus à terre, nous observons une seconde chouette cachée sur la rive de la rivière Niériko qui se jette dans le Gambie au niveau de l’hôtel.
Pel’s Fishing Owl / Chouette-pêcheuse de Pel (© D. Dagorne)
Dans le PNNK et ses proches alentours, nous avons observé 148 espèces d’oiseaux dont six nouvelles pour notre projet, soit un total de 265 espèces sur les quelques 360 signalées dans la littérature scientifique et archives d’observations (y compris les visiteurs passagers ou égarés). Une publication scientifique présentant les résultats du projet est en cours de préparation.
Nous partons en fin de matinée du 9 juin pour la Réserve Naturelle Communautaire de Boundou, située à environ 115 km au nord-est de Wassadou, que nous explorons pendant deux jours avant de reprendre la route pour l’aéroport via la Réserve Naturelle de Somone. Au total, nous aurons admiré lors de ce riche et intense voyage 193 espèces d’oiseaux, 21 de mammifères et plusieurs reptiles et invertébrés intéressants (voir les listes présentées dans le rapport complet disponible ici). Vos questions ou commentaires peuvent être postés ci-dessous ou adressés à John Rose.
Shining-blue Kingfisher / Martin-pêcheur azuré, Camp du Lion (© D. Dagorne)
A selection of our pictures / Galérie de photos
Senegal Wildlife 